Tugas Softskill 4 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis ( Writing )

Nama : Asep Suryadi

Kelas : 3EB11

NPM : 20208200

Banking

The word bank is derived from the Italian banca, which is derived from German and means bench. The terms bankrupt and "broke" are similarly derived from banca rotta, which refers to an out of business bank, having its bench physically broken. Money lenders in Northern Italy originally did business in open areas, or big open rooms, with each lender working from his own bench or table.

Services typically offered by banks

Although the type of services offered by a bank depends upon the type of bank and the country, services provided usually include:

ü Directly taking deposits from the general public and issuing checking and savings accounts.

ü Lending out money to companies and individuals (see moneylender).

ü Cashing checks.

ü Facilitating money transactions such as and cashiers checks.

ü Issuing credit cards, ATM, and debit cards.

ü online banking.

ü Storing valuables, particularly in a safe deposit box.

Types of banks

There are several different types of banks including:

ü Central banks usually control monetary policy and may be the lender of last resort in the event of a crisis. They are often charged with controlling the money supply, including printing paper money. Examples of central banks are the European Central Bank and the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank.

ü Investment banks "underwrite" (guarantee the sale of) stock and bond issues and advise on mergers. Examples of investment banks are Goldman Sachs of the USA or of Japan.

ü Merchant banks were traditionally banks which engaged in trade financing. The modern definition, however, refers to banks which provides capital to firms in the form of shares rather than loans. Unlike Venture capital firms, they tend not to invest in new companies.

ü Private banks manage the assets of the very rich. An example of a private bank is the Union Bank of Switzerland.

ü Savings banks traditionally just did savings and mortgages, and have special charters, but at present there is nothing inherently distinct about a savings bank.

ü Offshore banks are banks located in jurisdictions with low taxation and regulation, such as Switzerland or the Channel Islands. Many offshore banks are essentially private banks.

ü Commercial bank is the term used for a normal bank to dinstinguish it from an investment bank. Since the two no longer have to be under separate ownership, some use the term "commercial bank" to refer to a bank or a division of a bank that mostly deals with corporations or large businesses.

ü Retail banks primary customers are individuals. An example of a retail bank is Washington Mutual of the USA.

ü Universal banks, more commonly known as a financial services company, engage in several of these activities. For example, Citigroup, a large American bank, is involved in commercial and retail lending; it owns a merchant bank (Citicorp Merchant Bank Limited) and an investment bank (Salomon Smith Barney); it operates a private bank (Citigroup Private Bank); finally, its subsidiaries in tax-havens offer offshore banking services to customers in other countries. Almost all large financial institutions are diversified and engage in multiple activities. In Europe, big banks are very diversified groups that, among other services, distribute also insurance, whence the bankinsurance term

Tugas Softskill 4 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis ( Task )

Nama : Asep Suryadi

Kelas : 3EB11

NPM : 20208200

Modal Auxiliary Verbs

The verbs can, could, will, would, should, may, might, must, ought and shall are verbs which 'help' other verbs to express a meaning: it is important to realise that these "modal verbs" have no meaning by themselves. A modal verb such as would has several varying functions; it can be used, for example, to help verbs express ideas about the past, the present and the future. It is therefore wrong to simply believe that "would is the past of will": it is many other things.

Modal auxiliary verbs have three main characteristics.

1. They are never used alone.

A modal auxiliary verb cannot be used alone. A principal verb is either present or implied.

ü He will come. (Will – modal; come – principal)

ü She can go. (Can – modal; go – principal)

ü You should wait. (Should – modal; wait – principal)

Principal verbs, on the other hand, can stand alone.

ü He came.

ü She went to the market.

ü I waited for two hours.

2. The modal auxiliaries do not change their form, whatever be the number and person of the subject.

ü I can write. You can write. They can write. We can write. She can write.

Primary auxiliaries change their form according to the number and person of the subject.

ü He is writing. They are writing. We are writing. I was writing.

ü I do agree. He does agree. You do agree.

Principal verbs also have a different form in the third person.

ü I work. You work. He works.

ü I write. You write. He writes.

3. Modal auxiliaries do not have infinitive or participle forms. You cannot say: to shall, to must or to can.

In the same way, you cannot add -ing to any of these auxiliaries to make present participles. Modal auxiliaries do not have past participles either.

Notes : When you say to will, to need or to dare, the verbs will, need and dare are principal verbs, and not auxiliaries. Similarly, when you say willing, needing and daring, the verbs will, need and dare are used as principal verbs, and not auxiliaries. Primary auxiliaries have infinitive and participle forms.

Infinitives

ü She wants to be promoted.

ü She seems to have gone.

Present participle

ü He is being followed.

ü Having lost the war, Germany surrendered.

Past participle

ü She has been promoted.

Remember that:

ü Modal verbs cannot be used by themselves.

ü Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs, so their position in the sentence is that of primary auxiliary verbs (be, do, have):

o I can swim. Subject + Modal + Main Verb

o I can’t swim. Subject + Modal + Not Main Verb

o Can you swim? Modal + Subject + Main Verb + ?

ü For this reason, when you use a modal verb in a sentence, you cannot use other auxiliary verbs.

ü Modal verbs never change form: you can never add “-s” or “-ed” to a modal verb.

ü Modal verbs, like primary auxiliary verbs, are never followed by “to”, with the exception of “ought to”.